Performance analysis of cooling tower using desiccant springerlink. Cooling towers are used widely in industrial processes for releasing the waste heat arising into environment. Pdf performance analysis of a locally made induced draft wet. A comprehensive approach to the analysis of cooling tower performance. Cooling tower is an integral part of every thermal power generation plant. Performance analysis of natural draft wet cooling tower at optimized injection height 3 the governing equations for incompressible steady fluid flow can be written as.
Technical reference for water conservation in cooling towers. Naveen shrivastava published on 20190719 download full article with reference data and citations. The structure of a cooling tower can be divided into two parts. Approach to the analysis of cooling tower performance by d. The cooling tower test is conducted in reference with cti code atc 10500, schedule ii performance curve method. Due to complicated configuration of the expanded wire mesh packing surface, it is not possible to measure the temperature of the air in the intermediate section of the cooling tower, but only that of the exit air and water temperature.
Thermal performance tests are conducted in accordance. Keywords power plant, cooling tower, induced draft, range, approach, environmental conditions, cooling capacity, evaporation loss, lg ratio. Users enter design tower performance data and selects a cooling tower control method. Basically cooling tower are heat rejection devices used to transfer heat from hot water to the atmosphere air. Eliminating the fill makes the tower fully empty which is of farreaching significance in circulating seawater with high temperature, high turbidity. Thermal performance investigation of mechanical draft cooling. Cooling tower plays a major role in chemical process industry. Approach to the analysis of cooling tower performance. Cooling tower performance and control impact the operating conditions of the chiller for watercooled plants. The combination of wavelet analysis and neural network can also be used effectively for predicting the performance characteristics of a shower cooling tower.
This paper presents an experimental work, which studies the performance of a counterow type cooling tower. Creating a new model to predict cooling tower performance and. Preparation for an official cti thermal performance, plume. Cooling tower performance analysis knowledge exchange platform. For nearly a century, we have provided exceptional quality equipment and service to the hvac, process cooling, industrial, and refrigeration markets. In this investigation examination of a few figuring with respect to the cooling tower. Technical reference for water conservation in cooling towers 1st edition. Those theories are briefly described in this guideline to provide the basic understanding of its calculation. Performance analysis of the natural draft cooling tower in different. Cooling tower bureau of energy efficiency 9 figure 7. Acceptance test conducted to verify that a new or rebuilt tower meets contract performance specification requirements 2. It is one of the three main buildings used in thermal power engineering. Performance analysis of cooling tower international journal of.
The towers essentially a cooling tower is a type of heat exchanger. A comprehensive approach to the analysis of cooling tower. The method allows analytical calculation of cooling tower. In this thesis, a new model to predict cooling tower performance is created to give a more accurate picture of the various energy conservation.
Cooling tower efficiency calculations cooling tower approach. Cooling tower, wet bulb temperature, induced draft etc. Abstract this experiment was conducted to perform energy and mass balance on the cooling tower system and to observe the effects of one of the process variables on the exit temperature of water. The aim is to analyze the performance of cooling tower and give the optimum solution that would reduce the monitoring input. Paper open access analysis of factors affecting cooling. Cooling towers area unit used at mill, power plants and oil refineries to get rid of heat absorbed from current cool water system. Cooling towers are the biggest heat and mass transfer devices that are in widespread use. Best management practice and guidance manual for cooling towers.
Conventional analysis of performance of cooling tower. Cooling towers are usually designed for specific purposes. For example, a cooling tower sized to cool 4540 m3hr through a. The primary definition of cooling tower performance was presented by merkel. Cooling tower sizing can simply be done by graphical methods. Cooling tower performance analysis knowledge platform.
Again, this will be a first issue releasing the actual engineering approach. Index terms cooling tower, effectiveness, water flow rate. Approach cold water temperature wet bulb temperature cooling tower approach is the better indicator for the performance. Due to complicated configuration of the expanded wire mesh packing surface, it is not possible to measure the temperature of the air in the intermediate section of the cooling tower, but only that of the exit air and water. Cooling tower performance basic theory and practice subject. Cooling tower performance basics basic theory and practice. The effect of ambient humidity and temperature on the performance of cooling towers employing the merkel and entu methods of analysis are evaluated. Creating a new model to predict cooling tower performance. Therefore, the improvement of cooling tower performance plays a vital role in industrial production, so it is urgent to explore the factors affecting the cooling tower performance. A new model for tower performance prediction is imperative since economizer operation occurs at low temperatures and most cooling towers come equipped with vfds. Plant tried to improve the performance of cooling tower with the ct supplier. The program should include routine analysis of the recirculating cooling water and subsequent adjustments to blow down and chemical addition rates.
Simpson and sherwood studied the performances of forced draft cooling towers with a 1. The generally accepted concept of cooling tower performance was developed by merkel in 1925. Performance analyses of counterflow closed wet cooling. Static performance analysis of singlelayer steel cooling. Performance analysis of a counter flow wet cooling tower. Pdf 60 m3h nominal capacity cooling tower was designed, based on the required cooling water parameters in process of the adhesive production in the. Most researchers have investigated heat and mass transfer in cooling tower and some of them have presented a method for analyzing the cooling tower operation. Preparation for an official cti thermal performance, plume abatement, or drift emission test part i scope and purpose 1. Experiments have been performed for three different modes namely with 0, 1 and 2 silica gel mesh with the subcases of varying air velocity and inlet. Actions like increasing blade angle did not yield results.
Performance analysis of cooling tower using desiccant. Application of pcts to industry is not practical due to salt deposition on the packing. In this paper we use a natural draft counter flow cooling. Introductions a natural draft cooling tower is means to remove waste heat from a system and release it into the atmosphere. Investigation involves experimental and twodimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an actual industry operated cooling tower. Install influent and effluent totalizing flow meters to monitor performance of cooling tower. Air enters at the ambient condition point a, absorbs heat and mass moisture from the water. Proceedings of the asme 2009 heat transfer summer conference collocated with the interpack09 and 3rd. A basic understanding of the system water distribution shall be established in order to properly operate and maintain a cooling tower on a water efficient manner. They reject process heat from the cooling water to atmosphere and keep the water cool. Cooling towers act as large air scrubbers, and the water is quite effective in capturing dust, microbes, and other debris from the large volume of air that it contacts 2. The merkel equation combines the sensible and latent heat transfer into an overall process based on enthalpy potential as the driving force. A number of assumptions and approximations were used to simplify the development of the final. If you read this book carefully, you can make any cooling tower design programs by yourself.
Kloppers and kroger 14 have proposed and discussed other mathematical models many which correlated heat and mass transfer processes occurring in wet cooling towers. N nataraj2 1pg student, university bdt college of engineering, davangere. In this paper, a simple differential equation for counter flow wet cooling tower is solved analytically taking into consideration the nonlinear dependency of the saturated air enthalpy on temperature. The project deals with the performance study and analysis of induced draft cooling tower, which is one of the deciding factors used for increasing the power plant efficiency also modelling and analysis of flow using software. Not all cooling towers work for all applications or industrial processes. When hot water enters into the induced draft cooling tower and sprayed by nozzles. Thermal performance investigation of mechanical draft. The purpose of this test procedure is to describe instrumentation and procedures for testing and performance evaluation of cooling towers. Status test conducted to determine the thermal capability or actual operating parameters of an older tower. Exergy based performance analysis of a shower cooling tower. The hot water temperature is reduced by cooling towers.
Some additional calculation such as water makeup, fan and. Best management practice and guidance manual for cooling. Experiments have been performed for three different modes namely with 0, 1 and 2 silica gel mesh with the subcases of varying air velocity and inlet water. In this work, the cooling tower model has been fabricated and silica gel mesh sgm column is installed at the inlet of the cooling tower. This paper presents an experimental work that studies the performance of a counterflow cooling tower with expanded wire mesh packing. Cooling towers act as large air scrubbers, and the water is quite effective in capturing dust, microbes, and other debris. Performance analysis of automated control system for. The expression ldt in equation 1 represents the heat load.
Cooling tower process is generally related with vapor pressure of water and humidity. The major concern during i study the cooling tower theory was how to computerize the cooling tower theory from the calculation of ntu to the cooling tower performance analysis. Cooling towers and heat exchangers report a10 ala ali hasan dissertation for the degree of doctor of science in technology to be presented with due permission of the department of mechanical engineering, helsinki university of technology for public examination. Analysis of cooling tower is done by using staad pro. A second source of depositing materials, particularly in an open recirculating cooling system with a cooling tower, is air 4. Cooling tower performance calculations are usually performed numerically. The paper reports on a new approach to improving the performance of existing cooling towers, the oriented sprayassisted cooling tower osact, and shows how facts has been used to evaluate the. Here we help you understand the various types of cooling towers, there advantagesdisadvantages and determine which cooling tower type is right for your industrial process. Experimental study of cooling tower performance using. A number of assumptions and approximations were used to simplify the development of the final equation. Cooling tower efficiency calculation is described in this article.
A cooling tower can be used for cooling water and air, or for a water heat exchange. The essential purpose of a cooling tower is to remove heat into the surrounding. Proceedings of the asme 2009 heat transfer summer conference collocated with the interpack09 and 3rd energy sustainability conferences. Pdf the purpose of this project is to design a wet counter flow induced draft cooling tower with a view to analyze the performance of the. A psychromehic analysis of the air passing through a cooling tower illustrates this effect figure 2. Pdf design and performance analysis of the cooling tower. Cooling tower field performance testing introduction the purpose of a cooling tower test can be varied such as.
In this evaluation of the performance of cooling towers the cooling tower located at one of the unit of ms. Performance analysis for mechanical draft cooling tower. Intent in the foreword of cooling tower fundamentals published by marley cooling technologies, inc. Cooling towers are one of the biggest heat and mass transfer devices that are in widespread use. The performance of cooling tower usually referred to as the tower characteristic, ka v l, will depend on the lg ratio, temperature level of cooling a. Due to salt deposition on the packing and subsequent airflow block, thermal performance of the tower declines after a period of time.
Stringent standards for the design of the uhs have been set forth. Pdf design and performance analysis of the cooling tower in the. Pdf design and performance analysis of the cooling tower in. Performance analysis and optimization of cooling tower. Based on this information, myplv calculates the entering condenser water temperature for each hour of the load profile. The combination of wavelet analysis and neural network can also be used effectively for predicting the performance characteristics of a shower cooling tower under various operating conditions 14. Energy and exergy analysis was conducted in cooling tower, from this result in let air wet bulb temperature is found to be the most important parameter than in let water temperature and also variation in dead state properties does not affect the performance of wet cooling tower 8. Strojniski vestnik journal of mechanical engineering.
Assessing the performance of cooling towers and their effect. At present, many scholars have studied the performance of multiple cooling towers. Optimization of cooling tower performance analysis using taguchi method by ramakrishnan ramkumar and arumugam ragupathy department of mechanical engineering, annamalai university annamalai nagar608002, tamilnadu, india. Because the amount of suspended solids in air is always changing, the suspended solids level in the circulating water also. The paper reports on a new approach to improving the performance of existing cooling towers, the oriented sprayassisted cooling tower osact, and.
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